% Default to the notebook output style

    


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    \title{Python Intro 2}
    
    
    

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    % Exact colors from NB
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    \definecolor{outcolor}{rgb}{0.545, 0.0, 0.0}



    
    % Prevent overflowing lines due to hard-to-break entities
    \sloppy 
    % Setup hyperref package
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      breaklinks=true,  % so long urls are correctly broken across lines
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      linkcolor=linkcolor,
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    \begin{document}
    
    
    \maketitle
    
    

    
    Fri 11th Jan 2019

    \hypertarget{loops}{%
\section{Loops}\label{loops}}

Let's see how we can do loops in Python.

    \begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\tightlist
\item
  FOR-LOOPS: Let's sum the first 10 integers. Here s will be then
  \(s= 1 + 2 + ... + 10\) At the age of 4 years, Gauss discovered the
  general formula for getting the sum of the first N integers:
  \(N(N+1)/2\). In this case, hence, it should be
  \(s = 10\cdot 11/2= 55\).
\end{enumerate}

    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}19}]:} \PY{n}{s} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
         \PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{i} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n+nb}{range}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{11}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
             \PY{n}{s} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{i}
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
55

    \end{Verbatim}

    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}20}]:} \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{s=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{o}{+}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)} \PY{p}{)} 
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{s=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{o}{+}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}\PY{o}{+}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{i=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{o}{+}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)} \PY{p}{)}
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{s=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{i=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)} \PY{p}{)}  \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} In this case, we are providing 4 strings to the print function: \PYZdq{}s=\PYZdq{} , str(s), a space, \PYZdq{}i=\PYZdq{}, and str(i)}
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{s=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{i=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{sep}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{:}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{p}{)}  \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} option sep= allows us to change the string separating each value}
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{s=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{i=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{sep}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{p}{)}  \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} option sep= allows us to change the string separating each value}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
s=55
s=55
i=10
s= 55   i= 10
s=:55: :i=:10
s=55 i=10

    \end{Verbatim}

    \begin{verbatim}
Remark:
   1.- In order to print a number concatenated to a string, we need to wrap the number within str(). This is a function that transforms the number into a string, which then can be concatenated (+) with other strings.
   2.- The special code "\n" means newline
   3.- Notice the last value of i in that previous loop is 10
\end{verbatim}

    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}21}]:} \PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{j} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n+nb}{range}\PY{p}{(}\PY{o}{\PYZhy{}}\PY{l+m+mi}{2}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+m+mi}{7}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
             \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZpc{}d}\PY{l+s+s2}{, }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{\PYZpc{}} \PY{n}{j} \PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{end}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 
    \end{Verbatim}

    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}1}]:} \PY{l+s+sd}{\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}}
        \PY{l+s+sd}{ If you run this cell, you\PYZsq{}ll get an explanation on how to use the function print.}
        \PY{l+s+sd}{ You can use the same \PYZsq{}trick\PYZsq{} with any other command, keyword, etc.}
        \PY{l+s+sd}{\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}}
        print\PY{o}{?}
\end{Verbatim}


    2.- WHILE-LOOPS:

    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}2}]:} \PY{k}{def} \PY{n+nf}{f}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
            \PY{l+s+sd}{\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}}
        \PY{l+s+sd}{    This function calculates the square of x}
        \PY{l+s+sd}{    \PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}\PYZsq{}}
            \PY{k}{return} \PY{n}{x}\PY{o}{*}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{2}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}3}]:} f\PY{o}{?}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}23}]:} \PY{n}{s}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+m+mi}{0} 
         \PY{n}{i}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+m+mi}{0} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}this will be the index of our loop. We initialize to 0}
         
         \PY{k}{while} \PY{p}{(} \PY{n}{i}\PY{o}{\PYZlt{}}\PY{l+m+mi}{11}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
             \PY{n}{s} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{i}
             \PY{n}{i} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}   \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} UPDATE THE INDEX of the loop. If you miss this line, it runs forever and may freeze your browser or even your computer}
         \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}


    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
55

    \end{Verbatim}

    \begin{verbatim}
Remark: 
   If your code ends in a infinite loop, you can stop it by clicking in the menu Kernel->Interrupt
\end{verbatim}

    \hypertarget{exercises}{%
\section{EXERCISES}\label{exercises}}

\begin{enumerate}
\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
\tightlist
\item
  Write a loop that calculates the following sum:
  \(s = 1 + 4 + 9 + \dots + 144\). Write it both ways, as a for-loop and
  as a while-loop. Print at the end the value of the sum.
\item
  Idem for the sum
  \(s = \sum_{i=-4}^{i=30} (i+3)^2 = 1 + 0 + 1 + 4 + 9+ 16 + 25 + 36 + 49 +\dots + 1089\).
\item
  Modify question 2, such that the code prints the values of \((i+3)^2\)
  all in the same line separated by a comma and a space. Print at the
  end the value of the sum
\end{enumerate}

DUE DATE: Mon 14th Jan 2019 Submission: Send the Jupyter notebook as
attachment via email


    % Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
    
    
    
    \end{document}